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Operational Guidelines

Scale Prevention

HydroFLOW prevents the formation of hard scale due to increases of temperature and pressure change, under all normal operating conditions. Users are advised to contact Hydropath Technical Support if they suspect that conditions are unusual.

Scale Removal

Old scale is normally broken down. The time taken depends on the volume of water, the flow of water to remove the excess scale crystals, the porosity of the old scale and variations in the temperature and the pressure of the water. In most cases the process is fairly rapid, and up to 95% or more of old scale is broken down and treated within the first three months.
Hard scale may be slow to break down where there is low water volume and little variation of temperature, flow, hardness and pressure. In such cases HydroFLOW is best fitted from new or after chemical cleaning.
If HydroFLOW is applied to a heavily-scaled system, where scale may have formed on the inside of a narrow pipe or plate heat exchanger there is a small risk of blockage due to dislodged pieces of scale. The user is advised to have a system cleanse or to install suitable coarse filters prior to fitting HydroFLOW.
The HydroFLOW signal is effective both up and down stream, and can cause a large quantity of scale to be broken down. In most cases the only effect may be that users see the crystals as they emerge from open taps. This does not always happen and stops within three months. There will be no adverse effect in a closed recirculating system unless there is significant evaporation or there has previously been some significant leakage.

Corrosion

The application of HydroFLOW cannot itself cause corrosion or leaks. Scale is a direct cause of corrosion and its removal may reveal leaks. Rust coatings in mild steel pipework are altered, resulting in a hard black surface deposit, magnetite, rather than normal rust and further corrosion is prevented. This effect is due to an interference with the electro-chemical reaction needed for corrosion to take effect.

Maintenance

HydroFLOW uses solid state circuitry and does not require maintenance. Its signal cannot create films which would reduce performance. There is a red light which is powered directly by the generated signal and is a positive indication of correct operation. If the operation of the device is critical, users should monitor this light as part of a planned maintenance procedure.

Residual Effect

Once water has left the plumbing system or left the protection zone, it can no longer be subjected to the HydroFLOW conditioning field. 30 minutes may be taken as a conservative guide to the time that the water retains its full scale prevention ability.

Soft Scale

In systems with no turbulence the crystals can settle. This can occur in commercial kettles, coffee machine reservoirs, large calorifiers and cooling tower pools. The resulting soft scale is removed during maintenance or using filters.

Recirculating Systems with Evaporation

Where a recirculating system involves evaporation, e.g. cooling towers or humidifiers, the suspended crystals must be removed using filtration (<50 microns) or blow down to avoid concentration. On initial application existing scale will be broken down leading to an excess of precipitate which users must address. The easiest approach is to increase blow down. A suitable filter with automatic back wash will also control the problem and will reduce water costs. pH can be controlled using sulphuric acid to reduce the rate of precipitation.

Plate Heat Exchangers

When using HydroFLOW to protect plate heat exchangers, existing scale in the pipes upstream of the device will be broken down. This will lead to excess precipitate in the heat exchangers which can continue to cause scale for the first few weeks. If the plate heat exchanger is heated using steam, it is advised that the hot steam supply is connected to the same side as the water return. The heat exchanger will give increased performance through the avoidance of boiling.

 

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